Railway-passenger-car.



PATENTED new. 18, 1904,

J. OLEARY.

. RAILWAY PASSENGER GAR.

t APPLIGATION PILEYD MAR. 26. 1904.

6 SEEETB-$HEBT l.

I 110 MODEL.

PATENTED OCT. 18, 1904.

'J. OLEARY. RAILWAY PASSENGER GAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1904.

.110 MODEL.

No. 772,740. PATENTED OCT. 18, 1904.

' J. OLBARY.

RAILWAY PASSENGER GAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 26, 1904.

N0 MODEL. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

I 70/626507: f @fimvfi? Jhz 016a?" v No. 772,740. PATENTED OOT.1Y8, 1904.

- J. OLEARY.

RAILWAY PASSENGER CAR.

. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1994.

I N0 MODEL. a SHEETS-SHEET 4.

- fizwwfiz M 0 5222 015647 I v J 2 1 1 movvz mo. I PATENTED 0GT.18,1904. J. OLEARY.

RAILWAY PASSENGER OAR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26. 190%.

N0 MODEL. 4 6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

1 ii I 1 a l-MI 1% mwiaiaz" Jb%2/ flZeaiy I No. 772,740. ,I v Y ,PATENTED OCT. 18, 1904.

' J. OLEARY.

' RAILWAY PASSENGER GAR.

APPLICATION FILED In. 26. 1904.

N0 MODEL. 7

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

7 UNITED STAT S Patented October 18, 1904.

PATENT OF ICE. I

JOHN OLEARY, OF COHOES,

RAILWAYIPASSENGER-CAR-- SPECIFICATI ON forming partof Letters Patent No. 772,740, dated October 18, 1904.

Application filed March 26, 190 1:.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that-I, JOHN OLEARY, a citizen. of the United States, residing at .Cohoes, in" the county of Albany and State of New York,

have invented new and useful Improvements 1n Hallway Passenger-Cars, of which the followmg 1s a speclhcatlon.

This invention relates to railway passengercars, and has for its object to provide a car so constructedthat it will in appearance and in dimensions possess all the characteristics of the r ordinary day-coach and which will be provided with means for converting the same into what is ordinarily known. as a sleeper.

. It has for another object to enable the bedclothing of the sleeper to be aired while the same is not in use without interfering with the ventilation of the car itself.

It fu rther has for its object to provide means for ventilating the upper berth of a car.

It also has for-its further object to provide a car seated in the ordinary manner of an ordinary day-coach and means for providing sleeping-apartments, the arrangement. being such that separate bed-bottoms will be pro:v

vided for each occupant of the car aside from cars so constructed are threefold. In the first place the seats, which are invariably cushioned, have to be used, according to the present arrangement, as mattresses. A bed is made upon these sections, and while the bedding is not in actual use it is scaled up tight against ventilation. By means of this invention the fullseating capacity of an ordinary day-coach is maintained, bed-bottoms are furnished for "each'night passenger, bedclothing is provided for each of saidbed-bottoms, and means are seen No. 200,077. on) model.)

: afforded for keeping the bedclothing in a perfectly ventilated and sanitary condition, while. i

atthe-same time the interior of the car is also ventilated, whereby the comforts of the pascompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, wherein+ Flgure 1 1s a transverse section taken through one side of the car, the beddmg being shown stored. Fig.2 is a similar view,-

the berths being shown made up. Fig. 3 is an interior elevation of a portion of one side of the car, showing the lower berth when made up. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on line v4: 1 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a similar section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 66 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of a' portion of one of the posts. Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view of a portion of one of the retaining-plates. Fig. 9 is a :detail perspective view of one of the .mattress-se'ctions, showing the; bedding packed in place. Fig. 10 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 11' is a section takenon the line 11 of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is an enlarged detailed section taken on the line '12 12 of Fig. 2. Fig. 13 is a detail perspective view of an upper and lower berth bed-bottom nested together, the lower-berth bottom being shown slightlywithdrawn. Fig. 141 is a longitudinal sectional view of the-same, and Fig. 15 is sheathing, and 3 the interior lining, the sheathing 2 and 3 extending up to the level of the window-frames,- each of said frames being provided with a drip-board 5. Arranged at suitable distances apart are vertical posts 6, which form the vertical side supports of the car. The space between the outer sheathing 2 of the car and the inner lining 3 is utilized to store the bed-bottoms, and at its upper end is closed by hinged lids or covers 6, which normally operate to form sills, but are adapted to be raised up to permit of the withdrawal of the bed-bottoms, said sills being hinged to the sides of the car, as at 7.

Adapted to be seated between the outer sheathing 2 and the interior lining 3 of the cars are bed-bottoms 8 and 9, which are arranged in pairs and are constructed to form the upper and lower sections of the berths. The section 8 consists of a rectangular frame 9, the ends of which are extended, as indicated by the numeral 10. The frame is provided with a woven-wire mattress-bottom 11, and said frame at its lower end is provided with fixed pintles 12, and at its upper corners is provided with spring-bolts 13, which normally project beyond the ends of the frame. Said frame is provided at its opposite ends with grooves 1 1, in the upper ends of which are pivoted the ends of links 15, and said links at their lower ends are pivoted, as at 16, to links 17 which are provided at their free ends with hooks 18. The frame just hereinbefore referred to is designed to constitute the upper berth, and arranged to be nested within said frame is the bed-bottom, which is designed to constitute the lower berth, said frame comprising a rectangular structure 19, adapted to fit between the flanges 10 of the frame 9, before referred to, and provided with a woven-wire mattress or the like, 20. To the ends of the frame 19 are hinged wings 21, which are adapted to be folded down in parallelism with said frame and to be also turned out at right angles thereto. In practice I attach metallic plates 22 to the ends of the frame 9, which plates overlap the grooves 14 and form in conjunction with the grooved portions of the ends of the frame recesses in which the arms 15 and 17 may be folded.

The frame 19, which constitutes a bed-bottom, after its end wings 21 have been folded down in place is adapted to be slid into place alongside of the frame 8, its end rails resting between the end flanges 10 of the frame 8. The two frames thus nested together when not in use are disposed between the sheathing 2 and the lining 3 of the car and are concealed from View by the hinged sill 6. Formed on the adjacent sides of the posts 6 are grooves 23, which extend from a point slightly below the hinged sills 6 to a point at the top of the lower deck of the car-roof. These grooves may be conveniently formed by making rab.

bets in the sides of the posts, and attached to the edges of the posts are metallic plates 2 1, which will overlap the rabbeted edges of the posts. The plates are provided at suitable points with offset pockets 25, and each plate is arranged to extend beyond the opposite edges of the post to which it is attached, so as to form a face-plate for the two adjacent berths. As described, the grooves 23 extend up to-and slightly above the ceiling of the car and from thence extend to the dome of the car. Arranged between the posts (3 of the sides of the car are stanchions 26. In practice the arrangement will be such that each pair of posts 6 will embrace between them three car-seats, and between each pair of such posts will be disposed the vertical stauchious 26. Arranged between said stauchious and posts are window-sashes 27 and 28, the windows 27 constituting the ordinary car-windows and the windows 28 forming means for ventilating the upper berths of the car, as will be hereinafter more fully explained.

Arranged in the car after the manner of an ordinary day-coach are a series of seats 29, each comprising a supporting-frame 30, a seat-section 31, and a back 32. The seatsection and its supporting-legs may be constructed in any suitable or preferred manner; but to each leg-section 30 of the car is pivoted a lever 32, to the opposite ends of which are pivotally connected links 33 and 31, the opposite ends of said links being pivotally connected to the edges of the backs 32. Arranged on the under side of each seat-sm-tion is a manifold bolt comprising two U-shaped yokes 35, the ends 36 of which are adapted to be projected beyond the ends of the seat, said yokes being connected together by pivoted levers 37, the lovers 37 forming, in effect, a toggle-joint. The pivot 38 of said levers is made in the form of a thumb-nut, which is adapted to travel in a groove 39, formed in a transverse bar 40, forming a portion of the under side of the srat, the arrange- .ment being such that when the lovers 37 are moved into alinement their extremities 36 will be projected beyond the ends of the seat in such manner as to form steps or abutment-s for the arms 33 and 34 of the scat-backs. .It will be noticed that the lower edges of the seat-backs rest upon the edges of the car-seats and that the distance between the projecting ends 36 of the bolts is such as will permit of the seat-backs being reversed, the levers 32' during such operation turning between the extended ends 36 of the bolts. By unscrewing the thumb-nuts 38, however, and breaking the joint between the lovers 37 the ends 36 of the bolts are retracted and the back of the seat may then be lowered until one of its edges rests upon the floor of the car, and owing to the fact that the backs are permitted to assume an inclined position their upper edges will then rest flush with or slightly below the level of the car-seats. Supports are thus provided for the lower-berth bed-bottoms 19. In making up the berths the bedbottom 19 is withdrawn from the side of the car and is placed upon three of the car-seats, the backs of which have been previouslylowered in the manner described. The corresponding bed-bottom 8 is then raised in its groove, the pintles 12 and 13 traveling in the grooves as it is elevated, and when it has been elevated to the proper distance the spring-bolts 13 are retracted. At this-moment the pintle 12 will be opposite the pockets 25, and by drawing down the free end'of the bed-section the pintles 12 will be drawn to their-seats within'said pockets. The'hooked-ends 18 of the arms 17 are then hooked over suitable projections 41 in the-top of the car, whereby the upper-berth section is supported in a horizontal position. Each sleeping-section of the .car will thus be provided with a mattress-secit has been necessary to arrange the car-seats at such distances apart as to support a berthsection between each two adjacent seats, or,

on the other hand, to make the backs of the seats themselves portions of the lower berth. By the construction I have before described I am enabled to arrange the seats precisely in the manner that they are ordinarily arranged in the ordinary day passenger-coach and to dispose them at the same distances apart and at the same time I am enabled. to avoid the use of any partof the seat which has been occupied during the dayto form a portion of the berth for a passenger at night.

In practice the bed-bottoms are provided with bails'or'handles by means of which-they may be raised from their receptacles in the sides of the car,'.and, preferably, a pulley 43 is attached-tothe framework of the lower deck of thecar, about which-pulley passes a cord 44, providedatone endwitha'hook 45. The hook 45 may be engaged with the bail or handle 42 of either one of the sections, and by pulling upon thecord-44 the bed-section may be raised from its receptacle in the'side of the car" into operative position, after which the hook45 may be disengaged and maybe caused to engage the adjacent or corresponding bed section, after which the cord may be employed to raisesaid second'bed-section into operative position.

Formed between the ceiling of the car and the'lower deck thereof on each side of the dome is a space 46, which is utilized to'contain the mattresses and bedclothing, and formed in the ribs, which are arranged at the ends of said spaces, are grooves 47, which extend from the dome of the car to the lower edge of the ceiling, said grooves terminating at their 'lower' v ends-in pockets 48. The bedclothing for the two berths of each section'is carried by aframe (indicated in a general manner by the numeral 49) comprisingga rectangular frame 50, preferably constructed of wood and provided at its lower ends with fixed laterallyprojecting pintles 51 and at'itsupper' corners with spring-bolts 52, which also serve the purpose of pintles. The sides of the frame 50 are provided on-their upper and lower sections with buttons 53. Carried by the frame 50 are two mattresses 54 and 55, said mattresses being detachably connected to the frame -50.by flexible straps 56, which'are sewed to the mattresses and are arranged to: be buttoned to the buttons 53. The lowermost mattress 55 is provided with pockets56,

which are arranged to contain the pillows for the two berths. Attached to the ends of the frame 50 are strips 57, to which are hinged wings 58, the arrangement being such that when the mattresses and bedding are attached.

"to the frame said wings may be folded flat thereon. Each of the wings is provided with been folded down said strap is passed over the frame, embracing the ends of the two wings,

and is then-buttoned to a button 61 on the opposite edge of the frame. Each of the frames 50 is provided on one edge with a bail or handle 62, which is adapted to be engaged by a hook 63, attached to one end of a cord 64, which passes over a pulley 65, attached'to the side of the dome immediately beneath the upper deck.

The'frame 50, carrying the matresses and I00 bedding is designed to repose in the chamber 46, formed between the ceiling and theroof of the car, and when the parts have been folded and secured together in the manner described said frame may he slid vertically up- 5 ward in the grooves 23 and thence inwardly in the grooves 47, a-hinged door 66 being formed in the ceiling to permit of the said frame'being pushed into place. Arranged in the upper end of the chamber 46-is a bent leaf-spring I I0 67, and when the frame 50, containing the mattresses and bedding, is pulled up into the chamber 46 by the cord 64 its upper edge will engage the spring 67. Then by slightly raisingthe lower edge of the frame and re- S leasing the cord the pintles 51 drop into the pockets 48,whereloy the frame is held in place. =Arranged in the vertical side connecting the upper and lower deck portions-of the roof are transoms f68,-which are hinged at their upper T20 jends, as at 69, and connected to each ofsaid transoms -is a bent lever 7 O, which ispivoted at a point, such as 71, to a link 72, which is pivoted to the side of the car-roof at its other end, the-arrangement being such that as the 5 bent-lever v70 is pushed up'the transom is swung upward and outward. This permits of a free circulation ofair in the chamber'46,

.containing the bedclothing, whereby the latter is thoroughly ventilated when the bed- I3 &

ding is not in use. In order to prevent the access of soot, dirt, and the like to the bedding,screens 73 are provided,whieh are hinged at their upper edges to the eaves of the earroof and are fastened in place at their lower edges by means of catches 7 4. A pan 75 extends from the level of the transom-opening toward the dome of the car and at its inner edge is provided with an upturned flange 7 6, and extending from said flange to the frame above the transom-opening is a fine screen 77. From time to time, as it becomes necessary, the screens 77 may be raised and the transoms 68 opened, after which any soot, cinders, or the like which may have accumulated'in the pan 7 5 may be readily removed from the outside of the car. Arranged in the dome of the car at one side of the chamber 46 are transoms 78, which are pivoted intermediate their ends and centrally between their tops and hottoms, as at 79. By opening these transoms the interior of the car may be ventilated. Curtain-poles 80 are fixed in suitable brackets 81 along the edges of the dome of the car in a usual manner and are arranged to support curtains 82 to close the berth-sections. During the day when the berths are not in use said curtains are rolled up and are stored in the chamber 46, suitable straps 83 being provided to pass around theaolled curtains and are buttoned to buttons 84, by means of which the curtains are stored away. Preferably beveled blocks 85 are attached to the inner lining 3 of the car at the bottom of the receptacles arranged to contain the bed-bottoms which are adapted to be engaged by the pintles 12 of the upper-berth sections when the ,latter are lowered into place, and sockets 86 are formed in the upper portion of the said chambers which are adapted to be engaged by the pintles13 in the manner which will presently be described.

It will be noted that by means of my invention I am enabled to dispense with the cupboards formed in the ceilings of the ears on each side of the dome such as are in common use at the present day and that I am also enabled to provide storage-room for the bed-sections and bedding without increasing "the height or the width of the ordinary daycoach. In fact, when the parts are stored away there is no difference whatsoever in the dimensions, appearance, or seating capacity of the ordinary day-coach. hen it becomes necessary to convert the carfrom a day-coach to a sleeper, the seat-backs 32 are thrown down into their inclined positions by means of loosening the thumb-screws 38 and breaking the joints between the levers 37, whereby the ends 36 of the bolts are retracted to permit of the seat-backs being lowered, so that each of said backs will rest upon the bottom of the ear, and owing to their inclined positions what: constitutes the upper edges of the backs will lie in the same horizontal plane with or below the planes of the car-seats.

A description of the operation of one seetion will suflice for that of the entire car and is as follows: After the seat-backs have been folded down upon the floor of the car in the manner described the hinged sills (3 are folded back and the hook &5, attached to the cord it, is connected to the handle on the correspomling berth bed-bottom 19 and the latter is hoisted out of the chamber in the side of the car and is placed upon the adjacent three seats. The hook at?) is then detached and is connected to the handle 4201 the correspomling upper-berth section 8 and the latter hoisted, its pintles riding in the grooves 23. After the upper-berth section has been ele ated a suitable distance its lower edge is drawn inward toward the aisle of the car, causing its pintles 12 to seat themselves within the pockets 25. Then by releasing the cord the bed-bottom is permitted to drop, and by unfolding the arms 15 and 17 and hooking the ends 18 of the arms 17 to their supports the berth is held in a horizontal position. The panels 66 having been opened, it is only neecssary to draw upon the cords (it, when the frame carrying the mattresses and bedding will be raised sufliciently to cause their pintles 51 to unseat themselves from their sockets l8, and the pintles will then slide down the grooves 23, permitting the bedding-frmnes to drop vertieally. The upper-berth sections having been lowered into position in the manner before described, their edges adjacent to the exterior of the car will form bottoms against which the lower edges of the bedding-frames will strike when they are lowered from the compartments in the roof. Then by retracting the springbolts 52 said frames may be lowered onto the upper berths. Before doing this. however, the mattresses, which are buttoned to the lower sides of the bedding-frames, are detached from the frames and placed upon the bed-bottoms of the lower-berth sections, and the pillows are removed from their pockets and placed in position. The usual pockets for contain ing the bed-lining and the like are provided, and from the same the bedding is removed and applied to the berths. As before described, each one of the lower-berth bed-bottoms is provided with end wings 21, and when these bed-bottoms are placed in position upon the seats the said frames are turned to a vertical position. Attached to each one of said wings is a pivoted button 87, and formed on the frames 9, in proximity to the springbolts 13, are grooves 88, the arrangementbeing such that after the upper and lower berth bed-bottoms have been moved into place to make up the berths and the end wings having been raised to a vertical position the buttons 87 will be turned so as to engage the grooves 88 and hold the end wings in position to form I the bed-bottoms will be securely held in place within their receptacles in such manner that upper-berth bed-bottom said wings are raised and by means of the hooks 59 are secured in place, thus completing the partitions" between the upperberth sections. The berths are now complete, and an occupant of a lower berth by raising or lowering the windows 27 may ventilate his berth to satisfy himself, and the occupant of the upper berth may in like manner, by raising or lowering the windows 28, ventilate his berth. When it becomes necessary to convert the car into a day-coach, the mattresses and bedding are, rebuttoned and strapped to their frames and are'hauled, by means of the cords 64, back into their receptacles 46, formed between the ceiling and the roof of thecar, the panels 66 having first been opened. As each beddingframe is raised into position in the said chamber its lower edge isslightly raised by hand in the manner before described and its elevating-cord released, whereby the pintles are forced back into the seats 28, securely holding the frames in place.

The upper and; lower berth bedbottoms are then nested together and drop into the chamber between the innerlining and outer sheathing of the car, and as they drop into place the pintles 12 will strike against "the guide-blocks 85, whereby said bed-bottoms will be laterally moved over against the outer side of the car, the'pintles 13 at the same time riding into the sockets 86, whereby they cannot Vibrate .or'rattle. The sills 6 are then closed, and the seat-backs are restored to their normal position and the bolts shot forward to lock them into place, it being of course'understood that the panels 66 have been closed. Thefcar is thus restored,

to all practical purposes, to. an ordinary daycoach.

Havmg described my inventlon, what I' 1. In a passenger-car, berth bed-bottoms removably stored between the outer sheathing and innerlining of the car, one of said berth I bed-bottoms being removably carried by the one end of said cord being provided with a' hook which is adapted to be detachably connected with either of said bails, whereby. the two bed-bottomsmay be independently hoisted from their compartment.

4:. In a passenger-car, the combination of I berth bed-bottoms removably stored between the outer sheathing and inner lining of the car, means for withdrawing said bed-bottoms fromtheir compartments, and means for holding said bed-bottoms against movement when lowered into their compartments, for the purpose specified.

' 5. In a passenger-car, the combination with a hlnged, Slll arranged to cover the space he tween the outer sheathing and inner lining of v the car, of bed-bottoms normally disposed bewire bottom, one of said frames: being provided at its ends with flanges, whereby the other frame isadapted to be --nested in said first frame, said frames being normally stored between the outer sheathingand inner lining of the car, and means for withdrawing said frames from'their receptacles, substantially as described.

7. In a passenger-car, the combination with a bed-bottom arranged to be stored between the outer sheathing and inner lining of the car, said bottom being provided at its lower ends with fixed pintles and at its upper ends with retractile pintles, said pintles being arranged to travel in grooves formed in the posts of the car between which the bed-bot toms are disposed, whereby, after the bedbottom has been elevated, the retractile pintles may be withdrawn and the bed-section lowered into place.

8. In apassenger-car, the combination with acar provided on its sides at suitable distances apart with grooved posts provided with lat erally-projecting pockets, of a berth bed-bottom normally disposed between the outer sheathing andinner lining of the car, and

means for raising said bed-bottom from its compartment, said bed-bottom being provided at its opposite lower ends with projecting pintles which-are arranged to be seated within said pockets, substantially as described.

9. In a passenger-car, the combination'with the car provided at suitable intervals with vertical posts vertically'grooved and provided with interiorly and laterally extending pockets, of bed-bottoms normally stored between the outer sheathing and inner lining of the car and having connected to their opposite ends folding arms the free ends'of which are provided with hooks, means for raising said bed-sections from their compartments, where- IIO by they may be folded toward the interior of "the car, andproje'ctions in the top of the car that areadapted to be engaged by the hooks to hold the bed-bottoms in a horizontal position, substantially as described.

10. In a passenger-car, the combination of posts arranged at suitable distances apart on the sides of the car and verticallygrooved on their edges, of bed-bottoms removabl y stored between the outer sheathing and inner lining of the car and provided with pintles arranged to travel in said grooves, means for withdrawing said bed-bottoms from their compartments, and means for supporting the said bottoms in a horizontal position, for the purpose specified.

11. In a passenger-car,the combination with a series of posts arranged on the sides of the car and provided with vertical grooves, of bed-bottoms removably stored between the outersheathing and inner lining of the car and provided with pintles which are adapted to travel within said grooves, the ends of said bed-bottoms being grooved, folding arms attached to the bed-bottoms and arranged to fold within said grooves, the free ends of said arms being provided with hooks, and projections attached to the upper part of the car, the arrangement being such that when the bed-bottoms are Withdrawn from their compartments and lowered to a horizontal position said hooked ends may be caused to engage said projections and hold the bed-bottoms in place, substantially as described.

12. In a passenger-car,the combination with a series of vertically-grooved posts arranged at suitable distances apart, of bed-bottoms removably stored between the outer sheathing and inner lining of the car between said posts, said bed bottoms being provided at their lower ends with fixed pintles and at their upper ends with retractile pintles which are adapted to travel in said grooves and also provided at their opposite ends with hinged wings which, when the bed-bottoms are lowered to a horizontal position, are adapted to be turned vertically and form partitions between the berth-sections, substantially as described.

13. In a passenger-car, the combination with two bed-bottoms arranged to form the bottoms of the upper and lower berths, each of said bottoms comprising a rectangular frame having attached thereto a woven-wire mattress, one of said frames being provided at its ends with right-angular projections between which the outer frame is arranged to slide, substantially as described.

14. A passenger-car provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof, in combination with frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, and means for raising and lowering said mattress-frames into and out of said compartments, substantially as described.

15. In apassenger-car, the combination with the car provided with chambers between its ceiling and its roof for the reception of mattress-frames, of means for raising and lowering said mattress-frames into and out of said compartments, and means for ventilating said compartments, substantially as described.

16. In a passenger-car constructed to receive the berth-bedding between the ceiling and the roof of the car, suitably-mounted transoms arranged between the upper and lower decks of the car-roof, pans arranged next to the interior of the transoms, and screens extending from the upper edges of said pans to the sides of the car, substantially as described.

17. In a passenger-car constructed to receive the berth-bedding between the ceiling and the roof of the car, of hinged transoms arranged between the upper and lower decks of the car-roof, means for opening and closing said transoms, pans arranged next to the interior of the transoms, and wire screens extending from the upper edges of said pans to the sides of the car, substantially as described.

18. The combination in a passenger-car provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, said chamber being constructed to receive the mattressframe and bedding when not in use, and straps fixed in said chamber for holding the berthcurtains when not in use, substantially as described.

19. The combination in a passenger-car provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, said chamber being constructed to receive the mattressframe and bedding when not in use, and a hinged panel arranged in the ceiling, substantially as described.

20. The combination in a passenger-ca r provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, straps for holding the bedding in place when not in use, and means for raising and lowering said mattress-frames into and out of said chamber, substantially as described.

21. The combination in a passenger-car provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having detachably-attached mattresses for the berths and provided at its ends with folding end wings, said wings being adapted to fold down upon the bedding when the latter is not in use, and straps for holding the wings and bedding in place when folded down.

22. The combination in a passenger-car provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, said mattresses being buttoned to the frames and provided with pockets for holding the pillows, substantially as described.

23. The combination in a passenger-ear provided with a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, offrames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, means for raising and lowering said mattress-frames into and out'of said cha'mber,'a compressible spring arranged inthe upper end of the chamber, a socket arranged in the lowerend thereof, the Whole being'constructed and arranged whereby, when amattress-frame is raised up into said chamber, it will abut said spring and the latter will .operateto force the oppo site ends of the mattress frame into said' socket and hold the frame inplace. 4 I

24.- The combination in a passenger-car provided with 'a chamber between the ceiling and the roof thereof, of frames having attached thereto mattresses for the berths, means for stantially as'described. I In testimony whereof I' have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing wit- V JOHN OLEARY.

Witnessesr' ROBERT, A. JAeKsoN, V PATRICK CO IsKEY.

"said chamber and the side'of the car, sub- 7 I 

